Start with a plan
Choose a stable, level spot away from direct sunlight. Plan for the adult size and social needs of the animals you want to keep. A larger volume of water is easier to keep stable than a small bowl. Make sure the surface can safely carry the full weight of the aquarium, water, substrate and stone.
Build from the ground up
Add a suitable substrate, then place wood and rock securely. Start with forgiving plants such as Anubias, Java fern and Java moss, and keep the rhizomes of Anubias and Java fern above the substrate. Fill slowly with dechlorinated water so you don’t disturb the layout.
Cycle before adding life
Install filtration, and heating if your species need it. Establish the biological filter with a fishless cycle and a reliable test kit. A calendar can’t tell you a tank is ready: check that ammonia and nitrite both read zero before any fish go in.
Find your rhythm
Start with a steady, moderate lighting period. Test the water regularly, remove debris and do partial water changes based on your results and stocking. Rinse filter media in removed tank water and never replace all of it at once.
Every animal is differentUse this guide as a starting point, check the needs of your own species and setup, and see a vet when an animal is unwell.
